Filmstrip projector with synchronized sound

ABSTRACT

A control circuit for a filmstrip projector provided with synchronized audio accompaniment provided by a recorder having several selective operational modes. A switch is connected to the recorder for changing its operational modes and is connected to the film drive motor. The switch provides a play position for driving the motor in a forward direction for advancing the film through the projector and a rewind position for reversing the motor to rewind the film to its start position.

United States Pate :1:

Badalich et al.

[ Get. '2, 11973 1 FILMSTRIP PROJECTOR WiTlH SYNCHRONIZED, SOUND [75]Inventors: Frank C. Badalich, Chicago; Roy H. Writterlohn, Morton Grove,both of III.

[73] Assignee: Bell & Howell Company, Chicago,

- Ill.

22 Filed: Jan. 113,11972 [21] Appl. No; 221,46l

Related U.S. Application-Data [62 Division of Scr. No. 97,859, Dec. 14,l97(), Pat. No.

[52) U.S. Cl. 352/17 [5l] Int. Cl. G03b 31/04 I58] Field of Search352/15, l6, I7, 22, 352/25, 124, l29

John 352/17 Figge ct ail. .t 352/17 X ll/l97l 7/l972 PrimaryExaminer-Samuel S. Matthews Assistant ExaminerMich ael L. GellnerAttorney-William F. Pinsak et al.

57 ABSTRACT A control circuit for a filmstrip projector provided withsynchronized audio accompaniment provided by a recorder having severalselective operational modes. A switch is connected to the recorder forchanging its operational modes and is connected to the film drive motor.The switch provides a play position for driving the motor in a forwarddirection for advancing the film through the projector and a rewindposition for reversing the motor to rewind the film to its startposition.

6 Claims, 9 Drawing Figures RECORDER FO M/Am: 270

' 2 TAPE RECORDER Quay 2' REl/E VSE F l 02 W5 302 MECH- POWER I SUPPLY I26 q 262 l L MULT/ a l VIBRATOR 2q 5 OSC/L LATOR 288 (290 394 M NOISEPULSE RELAY I /'/LTER FORMER CONTROL PATENTED 2'97?l "$2.807

WEN HP 5 PATENTEUUET 2191s saw a m 5 PATENTED 2 782.807

' sum a nr 5 FILMSTRIIIP PROJECTOR WI'IIII SYNCll-IRONIZIED SOUND Thisis a division of application Ser. No. 97,859, filed Dec. 14, I970, nowU.S. Pat. No. 3,675,994.

FILMSTRIP PROJECTOR WITH SYNCHRONIZED SOUND This invention gnerallyrelates to a filmstrip projector and more particularly to a filmstripprojector adapted for use with a recorder providing synchronized audioaccompaniment.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Filmstrip projectors are finding wideacceptance in the instructional as well as sales promotional fields.This media is especially suitable for such purposes in that it permitsthe presentation of selected illustrations for varying time periodsdepending upon their informational content thus conserving film. It willbe appreciated that the simultaneous performance of a synchronized audiopresentation greatly increases the interest and usefulness of the visualpresentation.

The illustrated embodiment is particularly suited for the projection of35mm film but lends itself to other sizes as well. A particularcharacteristic of 35mm filmstrip is that development standards are notwell formulated throughout the industry. In this regard the sprocketholes are not precisely located with respect to the individual framespreventing the indexing of the film frames with the projection apertureby means of the sprocket hole orientation. Further, since the filmsprocket holes are not precisely related to the position of the filmframes, the advancing mechanism must be relatively exact to ensuresuitable framing throughout the entire film roll.

A particular feature of the illustrated embodiment is the inclusion of atape recorder which supplies audio accompaniment as well as a controlsignal for automatically advancing the filmstrip from frame to frame insynchronism with the audio format. Additionally, the user is affordedthe option of preparing and editing his own filmstrips. This feature isaccomplished by the addition of a signaling oscillator the output ofwhich is appropriately recorded as a frame advancing signal. A switch isprovided for selecting the desired recorder operational mode. The switchmeans is additionally coupled to the projector for selecting thecorresponding operative mode for the projector. The main object of thisinvention is to provide a filmstrip projector which includes improvedmeans for controlling the operation of the projector and recorder.

Other objects and advantages of this invention will become obvious fromthe following description of a preferred embodiment when considered inconjunction with the accompanying drawings.

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. I is a full sectional view of afilmstrip projector including certain features of this invention;

FIG. 2 is a prospective view of cartridge featured in combination withthe projector illustrated in FIG. I;

FIG. 3 is a prospective view of the cartridge of FIG. 2 disassembled tomore clearly illustrate the features of the components thereof;

FIG. t is a full sectional view of the cartridge of FIG. 2 with theaudio cassette removed for clarity of illustration;

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the cartridge of FIG. 2 taken along theline 55 of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a prospective view of a portion of the filmstrip projectorillustrated in FIG. I;

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of the projector taken alng the line 77 ofFIG. I;

FIG. 8 is an enlarged sectional fragmentary view of the projector ofFIG. I taken along the line 8-8;

FIG. 9 is a symbolic diagram of the circuitry utilized to control theprojector of FIG. I.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE ILLUSTRATED EMBODIMENT GENERAL Briefly, therear screen filmstrip projector 10 illustrated in FIG. I is housedwithin a cabinet consisting of a cover 12 and a base Id. One wall of thecover is a rear projection screen 116 upon which the images aredisplayed. IIoused in the base is a dual track audio cassette taperecorder 118 of modified construction carrying a cartridge 20. Uponloading of the cartridge 20 within the projector III the first frame ofthe filmstrip is manually framed with respect to a projection aperture22 by a manually operable framing means 24. The projector is energizedcausing the image of the frame centered in the projection aperture 22 tobe projected upon the screen 116. Simultaneously therewith, the taperecorder IR is actuated starting the audio tape cassette play. Therecorder I8 provides audio accompaniment and by a first track carryingthe audio message as well as film advance control by means of signalsrecorded upon a second track. Upon the occurrence of a control signal aframe advancing means 26 advances the filmstrip a single frame.

Serving to prevent jamming or tearing of the film, an interlock 2Rprevents removal of the tape recorder while the film is threaded throughthe projector W. Additionally, the projector I0 includes various otheroperational features which will hereinafter be more thoroughlydiscussed.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE ILLUSTRATED EMBODIMENT CARTRIDGE BASE Thecartridge 26D carried by the tape recorder IR is particularlyillustrated in FIGS. 25 and comprises a cover 30 and a base 32. The base32 includes a pair of adjacent parallel oriented cassette retainingwalls 3d which cooperate to securely receive a conventional audio tapecassette 36. To ensure that the cassette is held in position, aretaining spring 33 engages with a pair of spring guides MD defined bythe outwardly disposed surfaces of the cassette retaining walls 34.Additionally, projecting from the lower surface of the base 32 are apair of downwardly depending alignment pins d2 which are received inholes defined by the body of the cassette. Support wall 48 of the base32 is provided with a pair of clearance apertures do which allow therecord drive spindles (not shown) to fully engage the drive spools d4 ofthe cassette.

The upper surface of the support wall W carries a pair of spaced filmguide rails 50]) the upwardly disposed edges of which are arcuatelyshaped. The ends of the rails are secured to a curved front wall 52. Theinwardly disposed surface of the front wall 52 carries two spaced pairsof sprocket hole guides 54. Each pair is secured to the wall 52 adjacentone edge thereof and serves to assure positive drive of the film as willfurther be described. Secured to the outwardly disposed surfaces of thefilm guide rails 50 adjacent the front wall are locking bosses 56 whichare selectively maintained in cooperative engagement with the cartridgecover 30. Secured to the base 32 adjacent the ends of the film guiderails opposite the locking bosses are a pair of triangular shaped hingesupports 58. lnwardly projecting from each of the hinge supports 58 arehinge pins 60 which cooperate with the cover to permit convenient accessto the interior of the cartridge 20.

COVER The cover 30 comprises a pair of side walls 62, a rear wall 64 anda top wall 66 which define a film cavity. Positioned within the cover 30and serving to maintain the film in proper relationship with respect tothe cartridge is a film retaining means in the form of a pair ofarcuately shaped resilient springs 68. The springs are fabricated fromelongated metallic strips or any other suitable material. One end ofeach of the metallic strips is turned in a reverse curve as at 70 whichserves to prevent scratching of the film emulsion during passage of thefilm from the cartridge. The remaining ends of the metallic strips arebent in an abrupt reverse curve and are positioned within springreceiving slots 72 molded in the rear wall 64 of the cover. Adjacent thespring receiving slots 72 in each side wall of the cover are hinge holes74 which mate with the hinge pins 60 on the base 32. Further, lockingholes 76 are punched in the side walls 62 of the cover 32 and engage thelocking bosses 56 on the cover. The hinge so formed permits thecartridge 21) to be conveniently opened and the locking means ensuresagainst accidental opening.

Rotationally supported within the cover 30 and serving to drive the filmthrough the cartridge is a film drive spool 78. The ends of the filmdrive spool 78 are journaledthrough apertures 80 cut in the side walls62 of the cover 30. The film drive spool 78 includes a central hub 82and a pair of parallel spaced flanges 84. Each of the flanges 84 carriessprocket teeth 86 spaced for engagement with the sprocket holes providedalong the margins of the film. The sprocket teeth 86 are so aligned withthe sprocket hole guides 54, previously described, that as the filmpasses through the cartridge the margin of the film rides along thesprocket hole guides 54 and ensures that the sprocket teeth 86adequately engage the film. The central portion of the hub 82 ishollowed to define a splined receiver 87 for engagement with the frameadvance means 26 as will subsequently be further described. Mounted uponthe top wall 66 within the cover and adjacent the film drive spool 78are a pair of film spool guides 88 which prevent the film fromimproperly threading about the drive spool 78, a situation which mightoccur as a natural result of the curl of the emulsion. Similarly, aguide strap 90 is secured between the side walls 62 of the coveradjacent the drive spool 78 to ensure that the film will feed verticallyfrom the cartridge rather than follow its natural curl.

OPERATION In use, the audio tape cassette 36 is positioned in thecompartment defined by the base 32 of the cartridge 20 and is retainedin place by the locking spring 38. The

cartridge is swung open on its hinges and the film, in coiled form,forced into the film retaining springs 68. The film is played out to thefilm drive spool 78 where it is engaged with the sprocket teeth 86. Thecover 30 is forced shut and locked by the locking bosses 56 seating inthe holes 76. In the closed position, the film rests upon the guiderails 50 and engages the sprocket teeth 86 on the drive spool 78. Theguide strap forces the film against its natural curl, upward along aplane generally normal to the base and thus facilitates threadingthrough the aperture plates on the base 14 of the projector cabinet.

PROJECTOR PROJECTION SYSTEM Maintained within the base of the cabinet isa projection system which comprises a bulb 92 mounted upon a bulbsupport channel 94, which in turn is secured to the walls 96 of anopaque light chamber. Reflecting the light toward a condensor lensassembly 98 is a reflector 100. The light passes through the film and isdirected by means of a light mirror 102 mounted upon an inner wall 104through a projection lens 106. The image is reflected by a firstreflecting mirror 108 mounted upon a mirror support stand 110 secured tothe surface of a chassis 112 mounted in the base. The image reflected bythe first mirror 108 is passed to a second reflecting mirror 114 whichis supported between adjacent cover walls subtending the included angleand therefrom directed to the projection screen 16.

RECORDER As shown in FIG. 7, a pair of parallel, adjacently spacedsupport rails 116, which are longitudinally notched as at 118, serve toslidably receive a tape recorder drawer 115. The outer walls of thedrawer 115 are flared outwardly to define flanges which rest within thenotches 118 in the rails 116. Within the drawer 115 is seated the audiotape cassette recorder 18. The recorder 18 is adapted to receive thecartridge 20. As previously mentioned the lower portion of the cartridge20 carries an audio tape cassette 36, which is received by the recorderin a conventional manner. Securely retaining the recorder drawer 115 inposition within the base 14 of the cabinet is an interlock 28.

As shown in FIG. 1, interlock 28 includes a locking pawl 122 pivotablysupported for rotational movement with respect to an inner wall 124 ofthe cabinet. The pawl 122 is seated within a notch 126 defined by thewall of the recorder drawer. Manual release of the drawer is by means ofa release knob 128 accessible from the front of the cabinet andconnected to the locking pawl 122 by a locking rod 130. Biasing thelocking pawl 122 in the locked position is a coil spring 132 resting ona suport angle 134 through which the rod is journaled. Thus in responseto depression of the knob 128 the pawl 122 is rotated about its pivot ina counterclockwise direction as viewed in FIG. 1, releasing the drawerfor removal through an access door 135. Serving to ensure secure seatingof the pawl 122 with respect to the drawer 115 and thus ensure that thecartridge is properly positioned with respect to the projection apertureis a biasing means 136. The biasing means 136 urges the recorder 18 andthus the drawer in which it is seated against the holding surface of thepawl 122. The biasing means 136 includes a plunger 138 about which ispositioned a coil spring 140. The

plunger is journaled through a mounting angle 1412 secured to the floorof the base of the cabinet. Additionally, the pawl displaces an upwardlydisposed surface 1441 for cooperation with an interlock mechanism aswill hereinafter be further described.

After the audio tape cassette and film are fitted in place within thecartridge 20, the cartridge is loaded into the tape recorder and therecorder drawer is slid forward until the locking pawl 1122 drops intothe notch 121$ in the side wall of the drawer. The biasing means 136assures that the locking pawl 122 is properly seated with respect to thedrawer 115 and thus maintains proper orientation of the cartridge 20within the projector 1111,

FILM GUIDE As the cartridge moves into position the film is cammedbetween a pair of spaced parallel operative plates 1146 and 1418 mountedon the inner wall 11141 which define the projection aperture 22. Servingto ensure threading of the film between the plates 1416 and M8 is aspoon shaped cam M9 secured to the forwardly disposed edge of the plate141%. The film, due to the natural curl of the emulsion is forcedagainst the cam surface and urged into position between the plates.

During projection, the film is advanced through a film chute 11511 andthen into a storage retainer 152 as illustrated in FIG. 7. The filmchute 115111 comprises a pair of slotted rails 1541 which are positionedto receive the film passing between the aperture plates. The rails aremounted on the inner wall 11141 by mounting posts 156 the outer ends ofwhich are grooved. Serving to facilitate rapid removal of the film,should it become jammed during projection, is a locking means 158 whichcomprises a flat locking plate 160 having slotted openings 1152. Theouter rail 1155 is positioned upon the posts 156. The plate 1611 isplaced over and slidably secured to the grooved end support posts 156.The film retainer 152 includes a pair of parallel disposed spaced earshaped receivers 1155 which has a single turn coil spring 166 secured toits inwardly disposed surface. The coil spring 1166 ensures that thestored film will be maintained in a nest coiled condition.

FRAMING As previously mentioned, a particular characteristic of afilmstrip is that the development criteria are not well established andthe location of the sprocket hole perforations along the film marginhave no predetermined position with respect to the frames. Prior toautomatic operation, the first frame of the film is properly positionedwith respect to the projection aperture 22 by the framing means 24.Serving to facilitate manual operation of the framing means 2% is aframing knob 16% locked to a framing rod 1171B passing into the base ofthe projector. As illustrated in FIGS. and S the rod is journaledthrough the inner support wall 11%. Adjacent the inner end of theframing rod 170 is a selectively engageable coupling in the form of astraight tooth positive clutch 1172, including a tooth driver 1741, anda slotted receiver 176. The driver 17% is set to the framing rod 170 andthe slotted receiver 176 is rotatably mounted to a support angle 17% bya bushing 11811) through which the rod 117111 is slidably journaled.

Formed upon the closed end of the receiver is a wheel gear 182 engagedwith an idler gear 118d mounted on the bracket 17%. The idler gear 1W1in turn engages a framing gear 186 mounted upon a film drive shaft 18%.The film drive shaft 188 is journaled through the inner wall 111141 ofthe cabinet by means of a sleeve bearing 1%. One end of the drive shaft12% carries a tooth member 192 (FIG. 7) of a dog-clutch which engagesthe splined receiver 17 of the cartridge as film spool 7% previouslydescribed. Mounted upon the drive shaft and selectively rotatable withrespect thereto is a drive gear 19d. Positioned between the drive gearand the framing gear is a friction washer 19d of resilient materialforming a friction clutch. Wound about the drive shaft and maintained inplace with a C washer 19% secured to the rearward end of the drive shaft1S8 is a clutch spring 2011. The remaining end of the clutch springrides upon the face of a shoulder washer 202. The shoulder of the washer2112 bears against the drive gear 1941 thus assuring that during thenormal position of a spring loaded clutch arm 21141 the drive gear 11941drives the framing gear 1S6. The clutch arm 211d is piv otably supportedupon the upper surface of the chassis 112. The clutch defines an openingthrough which the shank of the shoulder washer 2112 passes. Serving tobias the free end of the clutch arm toward the drive gear 194? is atorsion spring 2116.

An inward push to the framing knob pivots clutch arm 21141 clockwise asviewed in FIG. 11 engaging the lips of the washer and releasing theforce which maintains the gears 1S4 and 1&6 in frictional engagement.The framing gear We and the drive gear 194 are free to independentlyrotate. The position of the clutch arm is adjustable by an adjustmentscrew 211% threaded through the free end of the clutch arm. Coil spring2111 positioned between the clutch arm and the screw head.

In use, the framing knob is forced into the base of the cabinet and thestraight tooth positive clutch 1'72 is engaged. Simultaneously, theclutch arm is rotated about its pivot in a clockwise direction as viewedin F116. S releasing the driving frictional engagement between the drivegear 1941 and the framing gear 186. Rotation of the knob 16% in itsdepressed position rotates the gear 11132 and thence the idler gear 1S4which in turn rotates the framing gear 1S6. The driving member 192 ofthe dog clutch is carried upon the end of the drive shaft 188 forrotation therewith. Since the dog clutch is engaged with the splinedreceiver 87 of the film spool 72, the film is advanced. The film isdriven between the operative plates 1141b and 1418 until the desiredimage is framed.

FlLlVl DRHVE The frame advance means 2th is particularly illustrated inF16. r and is powered by a capacitive start reversible four pole rotorclutch motor 21111. The motor includes a spring loaded rotor 2112 which,during period of de-energization, is forced to a disengaged off-centerposition with respect to the armature. Secured to one end of the rotoris a coupling in the form of a cross-pin dog-clutch generally designatedby the numeral 21d. Extending from end of the rotor and axially off-setis a single pin 2116 which engages a cross-pin 2111i, passing normallythrough an indexing drive shaft 2211. The shaft is journalled through adrive assembly support bracket 222. Secured to the shaft for rotation bythe motor is a worm gear 22d.

Upon energization, the rotor 2112 of the motor 21111 is drawn into thefield of the armature. The magnetic centering of the rotor causes thecross-pin dog-clutch 211d to engage, thus driving the worm gear 224.Upon deenergization of the motor, the coupling is immediately releasedand the rotor allowed to coast to a stop in disengagement. Thisparticular arrangement is advantageous in that it allows the rotor 212to coast to a stop without altering the position of the frame advancemeans 26. A pinion gear 226 is secured to an idler shaft 228 journaledin the bracket 222. Formed within the gear is the driving member 230 ofa geneva drive 232.

The geneva driving member 230 includes a locking circle 234 and a drivepin 236 engaging a geneva star 238 mounted upon an indexing drive shaft240 journaled through the bracket 222 and through the inner wall 104.The axis of the shaft 240 is normal to the axis of the motor drive shaft220. The geneva star 238 is a four-pointed star so that each revolutionof the drive pin 236 will turn the drive shaft 240 through 90.

Secured to the drive shaft adjacent the inner wall 104 is an indexingshaft gear 242 which is engaged with the drive gear 194. As previouslymentioned, during normal operation the coil spring 200 forces theshoulder washer 202 against the drive gear 194 so that the gears 194 and186 are in frictional engagement. Upon energization of the motor, thegeneva drive pin 236 rotates in response to an actuation pulse, to befurther described, and the driving member 230 rotates off of its centerposition illustrated in FIG. 6. A cam 244 formed upon the driving member230 engages the leaf of a normally closed micro-switch 246. Themicroswitch holds the motor 210 energized through a complete revolutionof the driving member 230. As the geneva 232 completes one incrementaloperation the cam 244 again opens the micro-switch de-energizing themotor causing the rotor 212 to be immediately released from the armaturefield. The motor 210 dynamically brakes without causing any additionalmovement of the geneva or interfering with the framing previouslyobtained. In this manner, after the initial frame has been positioned inthe aperture 122 accurate framing is maintained throughout projection.After projection of the film, the motor 210 is reversed driving thedrive means 26 in the reverse direction thereby rewinding the film backinto the cartridge.

REWIND To prevent rewind of the film to the point that the film becomesdisengaged from the drive spool 78 of the cartridge and to facilitateimmediate replay without the need for manual framing, a rewind sensingmeans 248 is provided. In this regard, the start of the film, which ofcourse corresponds to the end of rewind, is cut with an elongatedsprocket hole or rather a series of two or three sprocket holesareconnected by cutting the lands between adjacent holes. The sensingapparatus on end of rewind includes feeler 250 which rides upon themargin of the film. The feeler 250 is journaled upon a support shaft252. The feeler carries a locking tab 254 as well as a micro-switchactuation arm 256. During normal movement of the film through theaperture 122, the feeler 250 rides along the film surface. The feeler250 is caused to rotate in a clockwise direction, as viewed in FIG. 6,thereby closing the normally open rewind micro-switch 258. During thismode of operation the locking tab 254 engages a locking tab 260 carriedby a recorder interlock feeler 262. The recorder interlock feeler 262 ispart of the film interlock 28. The feeler 262 is rotatable about theshaft 252 and biased toward the film by a torsion spring 264 (FIG. 1).The lower end of the feeler engages the locking surface 144 of the pawlB22 preventing removal of the drawer. When the film returns to itscompletely rewound position, the feeler 250, which is biased by theinternal switch spring acting through the micro-switch leaf, drops intothe elongated sprocket hole, opening the micro-switch 258 andde-actuating the motor, thus preventing further rewind. At this pointthe interlock feeler 262 is resting on the film emulsion preventingremoval of the drawer. In the event it is desired to remove the film,the framing knob 168 is pushed inwardly engaging the straight toothcoupling 172 and the film is rewound into the cartridge. The interlockfeeler 262 under the bias of the torsion spring 264 drops into theaperture 22, alowing the pawl 122 to be actuated for release of thedrawer 115.

CONTROL ClRCUlTRY With respect to FIG. 9, the tape recorder 18 ismodified to include a three-gang six position rotary switch 266 forpurposes of selecting the various modes of operation. The switch shaftis coupled to a recorder drive mechanism 268 of conventionalconstruction and serves to control the speed and direction of the tapetransport drive as determined by the position of the selector switch266. It will be appreciated that the various functions can bealternately selected by means of pushbutton switches interconnected by alocking cam, in a manner well known to those skilled in the art. Forpurposes of discussion the switch-gangs are designated as a motor gang270, a rewind gang 272 and a transducer head-gang 274. The tape recorderalso includes a conventional pick-up head, an amplifier and a speakersystem for playing back the audio accompaniment from the tapes audiotrack. However, for purposes of clarity, the conventional tape recordercircuitry has not been illustrated and will not be further described.

The wiper of the transducer gang 274 is connected to a control tracktransducer head 276 for pick-up and play-back of the film advancecontrol signals. The fixed contacts of the transducer gang in the play,forward search, reverse search, rewind and off positions areinterconnected directly to the input of an amplifier 278. In the recordposition,the transducer is connected directly to the output of anoscillator 280 which is coupled by a capacitor 232 to the input of theamplifier 278. The oscillator is triggered by means of a multivibrator 2which is activated by a switch 286. The multi-vibrator 284 pulses on theoscillator 280 for a fixed period of time causing a pulse to be appliedto the amplifier which is recorded upon the control track of the tape.Thus, each time the filmstrip is to be advanced the switch 286 isdepressed triggering the vibrator 284 which activates the oscillator280. The pulse is recorded on the control track of the tape and isapplied as a film advance pulse to the amplifier 278. The output of theamplifier is connected to a noise filter 288 which is utilized duringplayback to eliminate noise transients on the tape from actuating apulse former 290. The pulse former 290 is coupled to the output of thenoise filter 288. The pulse former 290 is preferably a bistablemulti-vibrator actuated by the incoming audio pulse thus providing anoutput pulse of fixed duration independent of the duration of the inputsignal. The output of the pulse former 290 activates a single polenormally open relay 292 through a relay control 294.

As will be further discussed, the period of the pulse former 290 is suchthat the motor 2110 is actuated for a period of time sufficient to causethe cam surface ZMl on the geneva 232 to close the micro-switch 2%; sothat the locking disc 234 will complete a single revolution before themotor is turned off. A fixed contact 2% of the relay 292 is connected tothe wiper of the motor gang 27th as well as to the rewind contact on therewind gang 272. The fixed contact 296 is also connected to a fixedcontact 29% of the motor hold micro-switch 246. The movable contact ofthe micro-switch 2416 as well as the movable contact of the relay areconnected to one pole of an on or off power switch lltlti as well as tothe wiper of the rewind gang 272. The remaining terminal of the on-offpower switch is connected to a power supply 302 and the remainingterminal of the power supply to the common motor terminal. The forwardlead of the motor is terminated at the record, play and forward searchcontacts of the motor gang 270 and the reverse lead through the end ofrewind microswitch 258 to the reverse-search and rewind contacts of themotor gang.

OPERATlON For purposes of discussion it will be assumed that a selectedfilmstrip is to be provided with audio accompaniment. The user seats thefilmstrip into the film retaining springs 6% of the audio visualcartridge cover 3th and routes the film so that the sprocket holesthereof engage the sprocket teeth as on the film drive spool 7h. Thecover is locked by the locking bosses b engaging the locking holes 76 inthe cover and an erased audiocassette cartridge is secured in place bymeans of the retaining spring 38. The access door T35 is opened, thedrawer lock knob 112d depressed releasing the locking pawl and therecorder removed from the cabinet. The cartridge is positioned in therecorder and the recorder 11d returned to the cabinet. The rear of therecorder id engages the biasing means 136 and the locking pawl 122 dropsinto the notch 1126.

The user pushes the framing knob 116% against the action of the springbiased clutch releasing the drive gear i941 from frictional engagementwith the framing gear 1186 and simultaneously engaging the straighttooth positive clutch I172. The knob is then rotated until the firstframe is positioned in the aperture 22 for projection. The knob isreleased and the arm forces the clutch 1172 out of engagement. The powersupply is turned on by the switch dtlll and the selector switch zenplaced in the record mode.

The user records the desired audio-accompaniment for the frame beingprojected, and when it is desired to advance the frame, the switch Eddis depressed actuating the multi-vibrator Edd which activates theoscillator Zdll for a fixed period. The output of the oscillator 20 isrecorded upon the control track of the tape recorder lid by means of thehead 2'76 and is also coupled through the capacitor 2%2 to the pulseformer 29d and relay control 2943. The relay 22 is closed energizing themotor 2W which rotates in a forward direction. The relay 292 ismaintained closed for a duration corresponding to the pulse width fromthe pulse former 2949 which is sufficient to assure closure of themicroswitch 241%. The motor 2111119 continues to rotate the geneva 232through a 90 movement which is correspondingly transmitted by means ofthe drive shaft Md to the film drive spool 7%.. After a completerevolution,

Till

the switch 29% is opened by the cam 2 thus interrupting energization ofthe motor 211th. The spring bias on the rotor N2 of the motor 2W resultsin the immediate disengagement of the coupling 2M allowing the motor todynamically brake without altering the position of the film. Thisprocedure is repeated until the entire filmstrip has been provided withsuitable audio accompaniment.

Upon completion of the recording, the user rotates the switch ms to therewind position. lln the rewind position, the rewind gang 2'72 connectsone output terminal of the power supply to the wiper of the motor gangwhich in turn causes the motor to operate in the reverse direction in acontinuous manner until the end of rewind micro-switch 258 is opened bythe rewind feeler 25d dropping into the elongated sprocket holepreviously described. Upon completion of the rewind feature the film isin its start position and the tape recorder is allowed to come to rest.

Normal forward play is obtained by placing the selector switch 266 inplay position wherein the control track transducer 276 is connecteddirectly to the amplitier 27%. Upon the occasion of advance signal, therelay 292 is momentarily closed energizing the motor 2110 in the forwarddirection. The motor is held in energization for a complete revolutionof the geneva locking disc 21% by the motor hold switch 2 When the nextsuccessive frame reaches the projection aperture 1122, the

micro-switch 2 th is opened tie-energizing the motor.

The positioning of the selector switch 266 in the forward searchposition actuates the recorder drive mechanism 286 through themechanical coupling to a fast forward drive mode. in this position theaudio is garbled. However, the film advance pulses are fed to the motor2m and the filmstrip advanced in a rapid sequential fashion. When theoperator sees the desired frame upon the screen, he quickly places thecontrol switch in the play position and the projector continues itsnormal forward synchronized mode of operation.

In the reverse search position of the switch Zhh, the recorder drivemechanism ass is switched to a fast reverse mode. The tape recorder thenoperates in a reverse direction and at each pulse the film drive motoris rotated in a reverse direction causing the film to back-frame. Whenthe user sees the desired frame, he then quickly interrupts the reversesearch by placing the switch ass in the play position or off position.The projector is then ready for forward play.

While this invention has been particularly shown and described withreference to a preferred embodiment thereof it will be understood bythose skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may bemade without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

What is claimed is:

11. lln combination with a filmstrip projector including a power sourcea reversible projector motor energized by said power source and areversible recorder having a plurality of operational modes including acontrol track for providing an audio control signal, a recording mediafor the actuation of said projector motor, the improvement comprising:

a mode switch having a plurality of positions corresponding to saidoperational modes and coupled to said recorder for changing theoperational mode thereof; and

first means associated with said mode switch when said mode switch is ina first mode for producing an audio control signal on said control trackand for actuating said projector motor in response to said audio controlsignal thereby advancing said filmstrip.

2. The combination of claim 1 further comprising:

second means associated with said mode switch when said mode switch isin a second mode for actuating said projector motor in response to saidaudio control signal thereby advancing said filmstrip.

3. The combination of claim 2 further comprising:

third means associated with said mode switch when said mode switch is ina third mode for reversing said projector motor and for reversing saidrecorder wherein said filmstrip and said recording media are rewound.

4. The combination of claim 3 wherein said first means comprises:

an oscillator means coupled to the recording head of said recorder andto said mode switch for recording said control signal on said audiotrack;

a first switch means solely responsive to said control signal foractuating said projector motor; and

a second switch means coupled to said projector motor and responsive tothe actuation of said projector motor for maintaining said motoroperational through a predetermined movement. 5. The combination ofclaim 2 wherein said first means comprises:

an oscillator means coupled to the recording head of said recorder andto said mode switch for recording said control signal on said audiotrack;

a first switch means solely responsive to said control signal foractuating said projector motor; and

a second switch means coupled to said projector motor and responsive tothe actuation of said projector motor for maintaining said motoroperational through a predetermined movement.

6. The combination of claim 1 wherein said first means comprises:

an oscillator means coupled to the recording head of said recorder andto said mode switch for recording said control signal on said audiotrack;

a first switch means solely responsive to said control signal foractuating said projector motor; and

a second switch means coupled to said projector motor and responsive tothe actuation of said projector motor for maintaining said motoroperational through a predetermined movement.

1. In combination with a filmstrip projector including a power source areversible projector motor energized by said power source and areversible recorder having a plurality of operational modes including acontrol track for providing an audio control signal, a recording mediafor the actuation of said projector motor, the improvement comprising: amode switch having a plurality of positions corresponding to saidoperational modes and coupled to said recorder for changing theoperational mode thereof; and first means associated with said modeswitch when said mode switch is in a first mode for producing an audiocontrol signal on said control track and for actuating said projectormotor in response to said audio control signal thereby advancing saidfilmstrip.
 2. The combination of claim 1 further comprising: secondmeans associated with said mode switch when said mode switch is in asecond mode for actuating said projector motor in response to said audiocontrol signal thereby advancing said filmstrip.
 3. The combination ofclaim 2 further comprising: third means associated with said mode switchwhen said mode switch is in a third mode for reversing said projectormotor and for reversing said recorder wherein said filmstrip and saidrecording media are rewound.
 4. The combination of claim 3 wherein saidfirst means comprises: an oscillator means coupled to the recording headof said recorder and to said mode switch for recording said controlsignal on said audio track; a first switch means solely responsive tosaid control signal for actuating said projector motor; and a secondswitch means coupled to said projector motor and responsive to theactuation of said projector motor for maintaining said motor Operationalthrough a predetermined movement.
 5. The combination of claim 2 whereinsaid first means comprises: an oscillator means coupled to the recordinghead of said recorder and to said mode switch for recording said controlsignal on said audio track; a first switch means solely responsive tosaid control signal for actuating said projector motor; and a secondswitch means coupled to said projector motor and responsive to theactuation of said projector motor for maintaining said motor operationalthrough a predetermined movement.
 6. The combination of claim 1 whereinsaid first means comprises: an oscillator means coupled to the recordinghead of said recorder and to said mode switch for recording said controlsignal on said audio track; a first switch means solely responsive tosaid control signal for actuating said projector motor; and a secondswitch means coupled to said projector motor and responsive to theactuation of said projector motor for maintaining said motor operationalthrough a predetermined movement.